In Emergency situation, the first step is diagnoses of the situation or occurrence and the condition of the victim is best. This will not only help your ability to prioritize but also to help you know the whole areas of needs.

In this article, you will be able to define and correctly explain the key terms, list the priorities order, state the process of diagnoses at the state of first aid (look, listen, touch and smell ) and  Mention other procedural assistance.

Ordering of Priority

1. —-first—attend to victim that are alive and breathing or will need help to breath

2. —-second—-stop bleeding as life may ‘ebb’ out in the blood

3. —-third—-safe victim or ensure vomitous and/or chocking does not obstruct victim’s breath.

4. —fourth—-prepare victim for transportation to the hospital

5. —fifth—-check for internal injuries, bleeding or any other internal problems continue with procedure assistance.

First Aid Procedural Assistance

1. Keep the victim down with the head low and to one side to ensure blood flow to the brain.

2. Raise the legs to return the flow of blood to the vital organs (if victim’s injuries allow).

3. Loosen any constricting (tight) clothing around the neck, chest and waist

4. Casualty should be made to relax well enough

5. Minimize shock by keeping warm blanket covering

6. Check breathing pulse etc after every 10 min interval

7. Examine (diagnose) the victim for further clarification on the number of injuries (look, listen, touch and smell).

8. If casualty is unconscious, but breathing place in a recovery position.

9. Resuscitate if breathing and heart stop functioning

10. Cover the victim with blanket underneath, if possible

11. Keep record of specimens e.g. vomits, urine, tool etc.

12. Remove victim to hospital immediately.

Read on: Sports Injuries: Most Common Causes of Sports Injuries

Further Hints on Procedural Assistance

a. Keep calm

b. If a sudden illness, send for a doctor, transport victim to hospital

c. When it involves poison, 1st try to identify what poison and transport victim to hospital.

Also, get the details about the poison.

d. If the victim is burnt keep warm and transport victim to the hospital.

e. For accident on playground or others places, follow the three steps in first aid i.e diagnose, treat and transport victim to the hospital.

f. Don’t be in a hurry to move victim without first trying to diagnose (look, listen, touch and smell) know the extend and needs. Try immobilizing of the affected part.

g. When breathing has stopped suddenly try to resuscitate (CPR) by providing artificial respiration to restore breathing. Use any of the artificial respiration techniques method you are used to, from the following:

i. Mouth to mouth ventilation

ii. Schaffer’s method/holger Nielsen method

iii. Silvester method

iv. CPR

v. Check for bleeding and stop the bleeding

vi. When unconscious-don’t first move victim, try to keep breath

vii. Check for evidence of fracture to include the neck region and the back of the victim.

Try immobilizing the affected part.

h. While waiting for the specialist or ambulance

i. Don’t administer alcoholic drink

ii. Loosen tight clothes or other wears

iii. Conserve heat by covering victim with a blanketi

v. When it involves vomiting-turn head to left or right to avoid the danger of vomiting or chocking.

i. Move the victim to hospital or call the special (CPR)

Information on Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation; (CPR)

If the mouth to mouth ventilation is unsuccessful and the victim’s heart stops or stopped beating the first aider must perform external chest compression with mouth to mouth ventilation. Any time the heart stop functioning the blood cannot be circulating thus cannot reach the brain.

The use of external heart compression is known as ‘cardio-pulmonary resuscitation’. This technique is strongly advised to start cases of cardiac-arrest (sudden death) sudden death are the immediate and unexpected cessation of respiration or breathing and functions circulation.

It is also called cardio-pulmonary arrest. Sudden death does not only involve persons with chronic diseases but may result to death.

Also read: Major Factors that Causes Accident

Stages in First Aid Emergency Handling

The Coach or Trainer who handle athlete must possess the knowledge of first aid. He should be trained on how to administer a standard first aid to victim athlete.

He should be able to take the following steps or stages in first aid.

a. Diagnose– investigation and discovery of needs

b. Provide treatment–Application of First aid essentials

c. Transport athlete– or conveyance.

The following qualities are also expected to assist the First Aider/Coach;

Resuscitation Techniques

The ability of the first aider to resuscitate a victim solely depends on the way he or she used the basic life support otherwise known as the ABC of basic life, thus;

A- Airway

B- Breathing

C- Circulation

1. Airway:The airway can be opened using two methods: (ii) head tilt

·Place the palm of one hand on the victim head

·Apply firm backward pressure

·Lift the victims head backward as far as possible Jaw Thrust: This is used when cervical or spinal injury is suspected. After the mandibular bone is displaced forward, support the head carefully, without lifting it backward or turning it from side to side.

2. Breathing:There are many ways in restoring breathing in a victim. The first aider can use which ever method or technique most suitable and adequate. The methods are thus outline:

3. Opes:the victim shows sign of circulation? These signs are normal breathing movement, coughing or a carotid pulse.

Also Read: Who is a first aider and their role?

Conclusion on Emergency Care (Handling) of Sports Injuries

Having responded to your self-assessment test successfully. It is assumed that the above studied have been well learnt understood by you. However you most practice emergency handing to make you improve on your ability to handle emergency.

Documentation in the process or attending or handling emergency cases is good proper record keeping is good too especially when you are thinking of giving quality care.